Verb – HIF'IL
Root: ח - שׁ - ך
The first radical of this word is guttural; this affects the adjacent vowels.
Verb form | Person | Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Present tense / Participle | מַחְשִׁיךְ machshich I / you m. sg. / he / it darken(s) | מַחְשִׁיכָה machshicha I / you f. sg. / she / it darken(s) | מַחְשִׁיכִים machshichim we / you m. pl. / they m. darken | מַחְשִׁיכוֹת machshichot we / you f. pl. / they f. darken | |
Past tense | 1st | הֶחְשַׁכְתִּי hechshachti I darkened | הֶחְשַׁכְנוּ hechshachnu we darkened | ||
2nd | הֶחְשַׁכְתָּ hechshachta you m. sg. darkened | הֶחְשַׁכְתְּ hechshacht you f. sg. darkened | הֶחְשַׁכְתֶּם hechshachtem you m. pl. darkened The ending is usually unstressed in spoken language: הֶחְשַׁכְתֶּם hechshachtem | הֶחְשַׁכְתֶּן hechshachten you f. pl. darkened The ending is usually unstressed in spoken language: הֶחְשַׁכְתֶּן hechshachten | |
3rd | הֶחְשִׁיךְ hechshich he / it darkened | הֶחְשִׁיכָה hechshicha she / it darkened | הֶחְשִׁיכוּ hechshichu they darkened | ||
Future tense | 1st | אַחְשִׁיךְ achshich I will darken | נַחְשִׁיךְ nachshich we will darken | ||
2nd | תַּחְשִׁיךְ tachshich you m. sg. will darken | תַּחְשִׁיכִי tachshichi you f. sg. will darken | תַּחְשִׁיכוּ tachshichu you m. pl. will darken | תַּחְשֵׁכְנָה tachshechna you f. pl. will darken In modern language, the masculine form is generally used: תַּחְשִׁיכוּ tachshichu | |
3rd | יַחְשִׁיךְ yachshich he / it will darken | תַּחְשִׁיךְ tachshich she / it will darken | יַחְשִׁיכוּ yachshichu they m. will darken | תַּחְשֵׁכְנָה tachshechna they f. will darken In modern language, the masculine form is generally used: יַחְשִׁיכוּ yachshichu | |
Imperative | הַחְשֵׁךְ! hachshech! (to a man) darken! | הַחְשִׁיכִי! hachshichi! (to a woman) darken! | הַחְשִׁיכוּ! hachshichu! (to men) darken! | הַחְשֵׁכְנָה! hachshechna! (to women) darken! In modern language, the masculine form is generally used: הַחְשִׁיכוּ! hachshichu! | |
Infinitive | לְהַחְשִׁיךְ lehachshich to darken |
Verb form | Person | Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Present tense / Participle | מָחְשָׁךְ ~ מוחשך mochshach מֻחְשָׁךְ ~ מוחשך muchshach I am / you m. sg. are / he / it is darkened | מָחְשֶׁכֶת ~ מוחשכת mochshechet מֻחְשֶׁכֶת ~ מוחשכת muchshechet I am / you f. sg. are / she / it is darkened | מָחְשָׁכִים ~ מוחשכים mochshachim מֻחְשָׁכִים ~ מוחשכים muchshachim we / you m. pl. / they m. are darkened | מָחְשָׁכוֹת ~ מוחשכות mochshachot מֻחְשָׁכוֹת ~ מוחשכות muchshachot we / you f. pl. / they f. are darkened | |
Past tense | 1st | הָחְשַׁכְתִּי ~ הוחשכתי hochshachti הֻחְשַׁכְתִּי ~ הוחשכתי huchshachti I was darkened | הָחְשַׁכְנוּ ~ הוחשכנו hochshachnu הֻחְשַׁכְנוּ ~ הוחשכנו huchshachnu we were darkened | ||
2nd | הָחְשַׁכְתָּ ~ הוחשכת hochshachta הֻחְשַׁכְתָּ ~ הוחשכת huchshachta you m. sg. were darkened | הָחְשַׁכְתְּ ~ הוחשכת hochshacht הֻחְשַׁכְתְּ ~ הוחשכת huchshacht you f. sg. were darkened | הָחְשַׁכְתֶּם ~ הוחשכתם hochshachtem הֻחְשַׁכְתֶּם ~ הוחשכתם huchshachtem you m. pl. were darkened The ending is usually unstressed in spoken language: הָחְשַׁכְתֶּם ~ הוחשכתם hochshachtem הֻחְשַׁכְתֶּם ~ הוחשכתם huchshachtem | הָחְשַׁכְתֶּן ~ הוחשכתן hochshachten הֻחְשַׁכְתֶּן ~ הוחשכתן huchshachten you f. pl. were darkened The ending is usually unstressed in spoken language: הָחְשַׁכְתֶּן ~ הוחשכתן hochshachten הֻחְשַׁכְתֶּן ~ הוחשכתן huchshachten | |
3rd | הָחְשַׁךְ ~ הוחשך hochshach הֻחְשַׁךְ ~ הוחשך huchshach he / it was darkened | הָחְשְׁכָה ~ הוחשכה hochshecha הֻחְשְׁכָה ~ הוחשכה huchshecha she / it was darkened | הָחְשְׁכוּ ~ הוחשכו hochshechu הֻחְשְׁכוּ ~ הוחשכו huchshechu they were darkened | ||
Future tense | 1st | אָחְשַׁךְ ~ אוחשך ochshach אֻחְשַׁךְ ~ אוחשך uchshach I will be darkened | נָחְשַׁךְ ~ נוחשך nochshach נֻחְשַׁךְ ~ נוחשך nuchshach we will be darkened | ||
2nd | תָּחְשַׁךְ ~ תוחשך tochshach תֻּחְשַׁךְ ~ תוחשך tuchshach you m. sg. will be darkened | תָּחְשְׁכִי ~ תוחשכי tochshechi תֻּחְשְׁכִי ~ תוחשכי tuchshechi you f. sg. will be darkened | תָּחְשְׁכוּ ~ תוחשכו tochshechu תֻּחְשְׁכוּ ~ תוחשכו tuchshechu you m. pl. will be darkened | תָּחְשַׁכְנָה ~ תוחשכנה tochshachna תֻּחְשַׁכְנָה ~ תוחשכנה tuchshachna you f. pl. will be darkened In modern language, the masculine form is generally used: תָּחְשְׁכוּ ~ תוחשכו tochshechu תֻּחְשְׁכוּ ~ תוחשכו tuchshechu | |
3rd | יָחְשַׁךְ ~ יוחשך yochshach יֻחְשַׁךְ ~ יוחשך yuchshach he / it will be darkened | תָּחְשַׁךְ ~ תוחשך tochshach תֻּחְשַׁךְ ~ תוחשך tuchshach she / it will be darkened | יָחְשְׁכוּ ~ יוחשכו yochshechu יֻחְשְׁכוּ ~ יוחשכו yuchshechu they m. will be darkened | תָּחְשַׁכְנָה ~ תוחשכנה tochshachna תֻּחְשַׁכְנָה ~ תוחשכנה tuchshachna they f. will be darkened In modern language, the masculine form is generally used: יָחְשְׁכוּ ~ יוחשכו yochshechu יֻחְשְׁכוּ ~ יוחשכו yuchshechu |
Word | Root | Part of speech | Meaning |
---|---|---|---|
חוֹשֶׁךְ | ח - שׁ - ך | Noun – kotel pattern, masculine | darkness |
חָשׁוּךְ | ח - שׁ - ך | Adjective – katul pattern | dark |
חָשֵׁךְ | ח - שׁ - ך | Adjective – katel pattern | dark, gloomy (lit.) |
לַחְשׁוֹךְ | ח - שׁ - ך | Verb – pa'al | to become dark |
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